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Radiation & Radioactivity Converter

Convert between Sieverts, Becquerels, Roentgens, and other radiation measurement units

About Radiation & Radioactivity Converter

Understanding Radiation Measurements

Radiation measurement involves several distinct quantities, each serving a specific purpose in radiation protection and monitoring. The system of units has evolved from early discoveries in radiation science to the modern International System of Units (SI), though some older units remain in common use, particularly in the United States. Understanding these measurements is crucial for radiation safety, medical applications, and scientific research.

Types of Radiation Measurements

Absorbed Dose

  • Energy absorbed per mass
  • Measured in Gray (Gy)
  • 1 Gy = 1 joule/kilogram
  • Traditional unit: rad
  • 1 Gy = 100 rad

Dose Equivalent

  • Biological effect considered
  • Measured in Sievert (Sv)
  • Includes radiation weighting factor
  • Traditional unit: rem
  • 1 Sv = 100 rem

Safety Thresholds and Limits

Exposure TypeAnnual LimitEffects
Public Exposure1 mSvMinimal risk
Occupational20 mSvMonitored exposure
Emergency Response100 mSvShort-term limit
Acute Exposure1 SvRadiation sickness

Radiation Protection Principles

Time, Distance, Shielding

  • Minimize exposure time
  • Maximize distance from source
  • Use appropriate shielding
  • Follow ALARA principle
  • Regular monitoring

Monitoring Methods

  • Personal dosimeters
  • Area monitors
  • Contamination surveys
  • Bioassay programs
  • Environmental sampling

Applications and Industries

Medical Applications

  • Diagnostic imaging
  • Radiation therapy
  • Nuclear medicine
  • Research facilities
  • Medical equipment sterilization

Industrial Uses

  • Non-destructive testing
  • Food irradiation
  • Material analysis
  • Nuclear power generation
  • Industrial radiography