True Shooting Percentage Calculator
Calculate basketball True Shooting Percentage (TS%) from points, field goal attempts, and free throw attempts. Estimate scoring efficiency with weighted shooting possessions.
Murray Sporting Goods Basketball Scorebook - 35 Games Score Book Side by Side Score Keeping Book for Stats | Basketball Stat Tracking Book (1)
Basketball scorebook for recording points, shot attempts, and free throws used in TS% calculations.
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True Shooting Percentage is one of the simplest ways to ask a deeper basketball question: how many points did this player create from the shooting chances they used? Traditional field goal percentage answers only part of that question. It counts makes and misses from the floor, but it does not reward a made three-pointer for being worth more than a made two-pointer, and it ignores free throws completely. TS% folds all scoring attempts into one number so guards, wings, post scorers, and foul-drawing stars can be compared on a more balanced scoring-efficiency scale.
The main idea is that basketball scoring is about points per possession, not just makes per shot. A player who shoots 45% from the field can be very efficient if many of those shots are threes and if they get to the free throw line. Another player can shoot 52% from the field but take mostly low-value two-point jumpers and rarely earn free throws. Field goal percentage may make the second player look better at first glance, while True Shooting Percentage often shows that the first player is creating more points from each scoring opportunity.
Coaches, analysts, fantasy players, and fans use TS% because it keeps the focus on scoring value. It is especially useful when comparing players with different shot profiles. A rim-running center may have a high TS% because most attempts happen near the basket. A lead guard may reach a similar number through pull-up threes and frequent free throws. A low-usage spot-up shooter may post a strong TS% on fewer attempts. The number does not explain every detail, but it gives a quick, fair starting point for efficiency discussion.
The True Shooting Percentage formula is TS% = points ÷ [2 × (field goal attempts + 0.44 × free throw attempts)] × 100. In this calculator, you enter points, FGA, and FTA. The calculator first computes true shooting attempts, often abbreviated TSA, as field goal attempts plus 0.44 times free throw attempts. It then divides points by twice that weighted attempt total and converts the result to a percentage.
| Points | Total points scored in the sample |
| FGA | Field goal attempts from the floor |
| FTA | Free throw attempts |
| TSA | FGA + 0.44 × FTA |
The 0.44 free throw factor is an estimate, not a claim that every free throw is worth exactly 0.44 possessions. A trip to the line can be two shots, three shots, an and-one, a technical free throw, or a late-game intentional foul sequence. Across large samples, the 0.44 multiplier is a practical shortcut that estimates how often free throws consume possessions. That makes TS% much easier to calculate from a box score while still being more complete than FG% or eFG%.
A True Shooting Percentage is best read as a scoring efficiency signal, not as a universal grade. In many modern professional settings, a result in the mid-to-high 50s is roughly normal, a result above 60% is strong, and a result above 65% is excellent. Those bands move by season, league, level of play, and offensive environment. Youth, college, international, and recreational basketball can have different baselines because spacing, pace, three-point volume, and free throw accuracy vary.
Volume matters. A bench player can post an excellent TS% on a small number of open catch-and-shoot looks, while a primary creator may have a lower number because they take late-clock pull-ups, absorb double teams, and create shots when the offense breaks down. The primary creator may still provide more value to the offense, even if the raw TS% is lower. Use the percentage as a starting point, then add role, difficulty, lineup context, and sample size before making a strong conclusion.
TS% is closely related to other shooting metrics, but each one answers a slightly different question. Field goal percentage tells you how often a player makes shots from the floor. Three-point percentage isolates long-range accuracy. Free throw percentage measures accuracy at the line. Effective field goal percentage, often written eFG%, improves on FG% by giving extra credit for made threes. True Shooting Percentage goes one step further by adding free throws to the same scoring-efficiency picture.
The differences become clear with players who have unusual shot profiles. A high-volume three-point shooter might have a lower FG% than a paint-only big, but eFG% and TS% can reveal that the shooter produces similar or greater point value. A foul-drawing scorer might have an ordinary eFG% because free throws are excluded, yet a strong TS% because getting to the line is a real scoring skill. For broad offensive efficiency, TS% is usually the most complete single number among the common shooting percentages.
This calculator works for a single game, a season, a playoff run, a tournament, or a practice log. The only rule is that points, field goal attempts, and free throw attempts must describe the same sample. If you enter a player's season points, use season FGA and season FTA. If you enter one game of points, use that game's attempts. Because TS% is a ratio, per-game averages also work as long as all three numbers are averages from the same span.
Compare lineup options, identify efficient shot profiles, and show players how free throws and three-point selection change scoring value.
Track progress beyond makes and misses. A player can improve TS% by finishing better, choosing better threes, or earning and making more free throws.
Put box-score scoring totals in context. A 30-point night on 17 weighted attempts is very different from 30 points on 30 weighted attempts.
TS% is also useful when comparing scoring development over time. A player may increase points per game simply by taking more shots, but that does not always mean they became more efficient. If points rise while TS% stays steady or improves, the player is handling more volume without wasting extra possessions. If points rise while TS% falls sharply, the new scoring load may be coming with a real efficiency cost.
True Shooting Percentage is useful because it is compact, but that compactness also means it leaves things out. It does not tell you whether shots were assisted, whether they came at the rim, from the corner, off movement, late in the clock, or against elite defenders. It does not separate transition chances from half-court creation. It also does not include turnovers, offensive rebounds, passing value, screening, spacing, or defense. A complete player evaluation needs more than one shooting-efficiency metric.
The free throw multiplier is another reason to be careful with tiny samples. The 0.44 factor is designed to work well across larger samples, but one unusual game can make it feel imperfect. For example, technical free throws can add points without using a normal offensive possession, while and-one free throws follow a made basket that already counted as a field goal attempt. Over many games those situations tend to smooth out, but in one box score they can nudge the result.
Finally, efficiency and responsibility are linked. A low-usage finisher may have a very high TS% because teammates create easy opportunities. A high-usage initiator may have a lower TS% while creating advantages for everyone else. Neither number is fake; they simply describe different jobs. The best analysis pairs TS% with usage rate, turnover rate, assist rate, shot chart data, and film. That combination separates efficient finishing from difficult self-created offense.
Suppose a player scores 28 points on 18 field goal attempts and 6 free throw attempts. First calculate true shooting attempts: 18 + 0.44 × 6 = 20.64. Then double that value for the TS% denominator: 2 × 20.64 = 41.28. Finally divide points by the denominator and multiply by 100: 28 ÷ 41.28 × 100 = 67.8%. The same result can also be read as 1.36 points per true shooting attempt, because 28 ÷ 20.64 = 1.36.
That is a very efficient scoring night. The player produced far more than one point per weighted shooting attempt, which usually means a productive mix of made shots, three-point value, free throw value, or all three. The next question is context: Was this a one-game heater or part of a stable trend? Did the player create the attempts or finish chances created by teammates? Were the attempts open, heavily contested, or late-clock bailouts? TS% gives the clean arithmetic; context turns the arithmetic into basketball judgment.
True Shooting Percentage, usually written TS%, is a basketball scoring efficiency metric that combines two-point shots, three-point shots, and free throws into one percentage. It estimates how efficiently a player or team turns shooting possessions into points, so it is broader than field goal percentage or free throw percentage alone.
Use TS% = points ÷ [2 × (field goal attempts + 0.44 × free throw attempts)] × 100. The 0.44 multiplier estimates how many possessions free throw attempts used, because technical free throws, and-one free throws, and multi-shot foul trips do not all consume a full possession in the same way.
The answer depends on league, season, role, shot diet, and volume, but a TS% around the high 50s is often around the modern pro average. A player above 60% is usually efficient, above 65% is excellent, and very high percentages often come from rim finishers, elite three-point shooters, or stars who draw fouls and convert free throws.
Field goal percentage treats every made field goal the same, while True Shooting Percentage rewards threes for producing more points and includes free throws. A guard who shoots many threes or gets to the line often can have a modest field goal percentage but a strong TS% because each attempt leads to more points.
Yes, as long as points, field goal attempts, and free throw attempts all come from the same sample. Season totals, playoff totals, one-game box scores, and per-game averages all work because the formula is a ratio, but avoid mixing per-game points with total attempts or combining stats from different spans.
If both field goal attempts and free throw attempts are zero, the formula has no shooting possessions in the denominator. A player can score no points with no attempts, but there is no meaningful shooting efficiency percentage to calculate until at least one attempt exists.
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