Chord Progression Calculator

Generate and analyze musical chord progressions in different keys. Find common progressions, explore harmonies, and create perfect musical arrangements.

Key

Quality

Major

Minor

Style

About Chord Progression Calculator

Understanding Chord Progressions

Chord progressions are the foundation of harmony in music. They're sequences of chords that form the harmonic framework of a piece. Understanding chord progressions is crucial for songwriting, improvisation, and music analysis.

Roman Numeral Analysis

In music theory, chords are often represented with Roman numerals to show their relationship to the key:

Upper case (I, IV, V)	Major chords
Lower case (i, iv, v)	Minor chords
Position	Scale degree (I = tonic, V = dominant)

Common Progressions by Style

Pop Music

I-V-vi-IV: The "pop-punk" progression
vi-IV-I-V: The "sad" progression
I-IV-V: The basic rock progression

Jazz

ii7-V7-I: The fundamental jazz progression
I-vi7-ii7-V7: The "rhythm changes" progression
iii7-vi7-ii7-V7: The jazz turnaround

Classical

I-IV-V-I: The perfect authentic cadence
I-vi-IV-V: The classical period progression
I-V7-vi: The deceptive cadence

Key Relationships

Understanding related keys is important for modulation and composition:

Primary Relationships

Relative major/minor: Share the same key signature
Dominant: Fifth scale degree, creates tension
Subdominant: Fourth scale degree, creates movement

Secondary Relationships

Parallel major/minor: Same tonic, different mode
Secondary dominants: Temporary key changes
Modal interchange: Borrowing from parallel modes

Chord Extensions

Chords can be enhanced with additional notes:

Sevenths

maj7: Major seventh
min7: Minor seventh
dom7: Dominant seventh

Ninths

add9: Added ninth
maj9: Major ninth
min9: Minor ninth

Extended

11th: Added eleventh
13th: Added thirteenth
sus: Suspended chords

Applications in Music

Creating emotional context
Establishing key center
Building tension and release
Supporting melody
Defining musical style

Pro Tips

Learn to recognize common progressions by ear
Practice progressions in all 12 keys
Experiment with reharmonization
Study the chord progressions of songs you like

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a chord progression?

A chord progression is a sequence of chords played in a specific order that forms the harmonic foundation of a piece of music. Different musical styles often use characteristic progressions that help define their sound. For example, blues often uses a 12-bar pattern, while jazz frequently employs ii-V-I progressions.

What's the difference between major and minor progressions?

Major progressions generally have a brighter, more uplifting sound and are built on the major scale. Minor progressions typically have a darker, more melancholic sound and are built on the minor scale. Minor progressions can use either natural minor (all chords from the natural minor scale), harmonic minor (raised 7th degree), or melodic minor scales.

What is modal interchange?

Modal interchange is a harmonic technique where chords from parallel modes (scales that share the same tonic) are borrowed. For example, in a major key, you might borrow chords from the parallel minor scale. This creates interesting harmonic colors and can add emotional depth to a progression.

What are extended chords and how are they used?

Extended chords include notes beyond the basic triad (root, third, and fifth), such as sevenths, ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths. They're commonly used in jazz and more sophisticated pop music to create richer harmonies. For example, a C major triad (C-E-G) could be extended to Cmaj7 (C-E-G-B) or Cmaj9 (C-E-G-B-D).

What is a tritone substitution?

A tritone substitution is when a dominant chord is replaced by another dominant chord whose root is a tritone (three whole steps) away. For example, in a ii-V-I progression in C (Dm7-G7-C), the G7 could be replaced with D♭7. This creates a chromatic bass movement and adds harmonic interest while maintaining the function of the progression.

Learn More

Chord Progressions Roman Numeral Analysis Music Theory

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